Places in the Bible Today:

Marah

Data

Translated NameMarah
Typesbody of water or spring
Geo Data KML (for Google Earth)
GeoJSON (for GIS applications)

4 Possible Identifications

  1. Ain Hawarah (modern): 40% confidence
    1. satellite view of the region around Ain HawarahAin Hawarah

  2. Bir Mara (modern): 15% confidence
    1. satellite view of the region around Bir MaraBir Mara

  3. Uyun Musa (modern): 15% confidence
    1. trees at Uyun MusaUyun Musa

  4. Bitter Lakes (modern): less than 10% confidence
    1. panorama of the Great Bitter LakeBitter Lakes

Verses (5)

  1. Exod 15:23, 15:25, 15:27
  2. Num 33:8, 33:9

Linked Data Identifiers

SourceIdentifier
Biblemapper.com652
Logos FactbookMarah
OpenBible.info (2007)Marah
OpenBible.infoad3970d (Marah)
TIPNRMarah@Exo.15.23
UBS Names Databaseot ID_1848
WikidataQ2554928

Sources

  1. Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (1992): Marah (place)
  2. Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land (1990): Marah
  3. Baly, Atlas of the Biblical World (1971): Marah
  4. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000): Marah
  5. ESV Bible Atlas (2010)
  6. Expositor’s Bible Commentary (1984): Exod 15:22-23
  7. Grollenberg, Atlas of the Bible (1957): Marah
  8. Hammond Atlas of the Bible Lands (2007): Marah
  9. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1979): Marah
  10. IVP Old Testament Bible Background Commentary (2000): Exod 15:23
  11. Mackay, Exodus (2001): 15:23
  12. New Bible Dictionary (1996): Marah
  13. New Unger’s Bible Dictionary (1988)
  14. Tyndale Bible Dictionary (2001): Marah
  15. Tübingen Bible Atlas (2001): Mara
  16. Wenham, Numbers (1981): 33:8-15
  17. Westminster Historical Atlas to the Bible (1956): Marah
  18. Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia (1975): Marah
  19. Zondervan Atlas of the Bible (2010)
  20. Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible (2010)
  21. Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary (2009): Num 33:1-56 Cycle 1
  22. Zondervan Pictorial Bible Atlas (1972): page 66

Confidence Trends over Time

This chart indicates how confidence in the identifications is changing over time. Each dot (connected by a dotted line) reflects the confidence of an identification over the preceding ten years (e.g., the 2009 dot reflects scholarship from 2000 to 2009), and the corresponding solid line reflects a best-fit line for the identification. Confidences that cluster near or below 0% indicate low confidence. Because of the small dataset, it's best to use this chart for general trends; if one identification is trending much higher than the others, for example, then you can probably have higher confidence in the identification. This chart only reflects the sources I consulted (listed above), not an exhaustive review of the literature.

Thumbnail Image Credits

Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2019, Berthold Werner, ديفيد عادل وهبة خليل 2

About

This page attempts to identify all the possible locations where this biblical place could be. The confidence levels add up to less than 100%, indicating that the modern location is uncertain. It's best to think about the confidences in relative rather than absolute terms. Often they reflect different schools of thought, each confident in their identifications.